1.王牛 后面漏了一个单引号
2.试一下
Insert into Employee(EmployeeID, Name,Department,Gender,DateofBirth,Party,Position,DateofEmployed)
select 'E0002','王牛','董事会','女','1986-02-08','无',position,'2005-02-03' from Salary_Standard where Salary_Standard.PositionID ='P002'